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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Fire on a hydrogen vehicle prototype

Event

Event ID
1071
Quality
Description
[Note of HIAD Validator: this event description is unsatisfactory. Details on the prototype and the incident evolution are missing].

The incident affected a prototype light hydrogen vehicle in a hydrogen research centre of a university. The vehicle was a kind of a four-wheeled scooter. The fire started on the vehicle while being filled. Apparently, the hydrogen storage system was a hydrogen hydride.
The site was evacuated and the building isolated from its hydrogen supply. The firefighters attacked the fire with a hose and extinguished it one hour later.
Temperature and visual checks were carried out at the level of the vehicle, to check the potential persistence of invisible flame. The building containing the vehicle was ventilated and the fire panel and the automatic hydrogen detection were put back into operation.
A plug was placed on the tank to isolate it from the external element such as air or water. The safety valve is unscrewed to prevent any rise in pressure in the event of possible desorption of the hydride.
The vehicle's lithium battery was submerged in a tank of water and remains under the supervision of a company security guard overnight.
Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
Fire (No additional details provided)
Macro-region
Europe
Country
France
Date
Main component involved?
Fcev
How was it involved?
Unknown
Initiating cause
Unknown
Root causes
Unknown (No additional details provided)
Root CAUSE analysis
The fire started during a test on the prototype vehicle. According to the sources, a valve broke on the tank during a test consisting in its pressurisation with an inert gas (helium). It is impossible to deduce from this scarce and vague information the real cause of the loss of confinement and the fire. It is not even known if the involved substance(s) was gaseous hydrogen or a hydride.

Facility

Application
Road Vehicles
Sub-application
FCEV LDV
Hydrogen supply chain stage
Hydrogen Compression (No additional details provided)
All components affected
on-board hydrogen hydride tank, on-board battery
Location type
Confined
Operational condition
Description of the facility/unit/process/substances
DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIT
The 4-wheeled scooter can store on-board approximately 300 g hydrogen in the form of metal hydride, providing 4 hours f autonomy at a speed between 40 and 50 km/h.

Emergency & Consequences

Number of injured persons
5
Number of fatalities
0
Environmental damage
0
Post-event summary
The vehicle is destroyed. Five people were slightly injured, three of whom were taken to hospital. All experiments planned for in the hydrogen laboratory are stopped and the hangar remains closed until the investigation results are available. The offices were reopened for employees.

Event Nature

Release type
no release
Presumed ignition source
Not reported
Ignition delay
not

References

Reference & weblink

FranceBleu news of 20 January 2023<br />
https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/faits-divers-justice/universite-de-belf… />
(accessed July 2023)

JRC assessment