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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Fire at a generator of a power plant

Event

Event ID
232
Quality
Description
The vent occurred at a power generation plant. One of its turbines was stopped for minor repairs and adjustment. The generator’s excitation breaker and air-operated disconnect breakers were opened. When the turbine generator had nearly completed its shut down, one of the disconnect breakers closed spuriously and reconnected the generator to the grid again. The turbine generator accelerated to rated speed within 25 - 30 seconds. As a result, the generator rotor got into unbalance and its bearings were destroyed.
Cooling hydrogen, sealing oil and lubricating oil caught fire. All feed water and emergency feed water pumps were lost. An alternative make-up water supply and reduction of primary circuit pressure prevented serious consequences.
Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
Fire (No additional details provided)
Macro-region
Europe
Country
Ukraine
Date
How was it involved?
Rupture & Formation Of A Flammable H2-Hc-Air Mixture
Initiating cause
Conventional Component Failure (Turbine-Generator)
Root causes
Root CAUSE analysis
INITIATING CAUSES
The failure of the turbine was caused by its unplanned, accidental restart, due to the malfunctioning of a circuit breaker.

ROOT CAUSE(S)
Although the source does not report the root causes, from the extension of the fire and its consequence for the overall plant it can be plausibly assumed the same root causes as in the event HIAD ID = 042. The fire could spread up and cause such damage due to lack of measures against fire propagation and escalation.

Facility

Application
Power Plant
Sub-application
nuclear power plant
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected
excitation breaker,
turbine-generator unit
turbine hall
Location type
Confined
Location description
Industrial Area
Operational condition
Description of the facility/unit/process/substances
DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITY
The reactor technology was a graphite moderated pressure tube type reactor, boiling light water reactor. It fed steam directly into the turbines, without an heat-exchanger and a secondary cooling system.

Emergency & Consequences

Number of injured persons
0
Number of fatalities
0
Post-event summary
It is unknown if radioactivity was released in the environment
Emergency action
none (Unit shutdown automatically).

Lesson Learnt

Lesson Learnt
, see HIAD ID = 042.
Corrective Measures
It is unknown if were adopted. For a general

Event Nature

Release type
Gas-liquid mixture
Involved substances (% vol)
H2,
oil
Actual pressure (MPa)
0.4
Design pressure (MPa)
0.4
Presumed ignition source
Electricity
Deflagration
Y
High pressure explosion
N
High voltage explosion
N

References

Reference & weblink

This event is listed in From T. VIROLAINEN, J. MARTTILA, H. AULAMO, "TURRBINE GENERATORS AT VVER-440 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”, in "Upgrading of fire safety in nuclear power plants", IAEA-TECDOC-1014, Proceedings of an International Symposium, Vienna (Austria), 18-21 November 1997<br />
https://www.iaea.org/publications/5310/upgrading-of-fire-safety-in-nucl… <br />
(accessed July 2024)

JRC assessment