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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Explosion in a industrial gases production plant

Event

Event ID
259
Quality
Description
Gaseous hydrogen leaked from an oil pump part of the filling and conditioning system in a industrial gases production plant. The released hydrogen ignited and exploded.
The cause has been a human error: an operator turned gave a valve a ¼ turn, connecting containers, which were not empty, with the pump.
The hydrogen release occurred in an open space under an awning. This caused the flammable mixture to explode producing a fireball of 10 m of diameter. 2 workers were injured but the material damage was limited to a door and a small room.
Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
Macro-region
Europe
Country
France
Date
Main component involved?
Valve (Generic)
Initiating cause
Wrong Operation
Root causes
Root CAUSE analysis
A valve was misplaced by the operator, releasing hydrogen under the canopy.

Facility

Application
Hydrogen Production
Sub-application
industrial gases production
Hydrogen supply chain stage
Hydrogen Transfer (No additional details provided)
All components affected
Oil pump, gaseous hydrogen storage, pump
Location type
Semiconfined
Location description
Industrial Area
Operational condition

Emergency & Consequences

Number of injured persons
2
Number of fatalities
0
Post-event summary
First degree burns for two employees
Emergency action
No attempt to stop the leak was made, because the safest way to deal with was to allow hydrogen to vent and empty the cylinders without

Event Nature

Release type
gas
Involved substances (% vol)
H2 100%
Presumed ignition source
Not reported
Deflagration
N
High pressure explosion
N
High voltage explosion
N
Flame type
Flash fire

References

Reference & weblink

Event description in the French database ARIA<br />
https://www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/accident/4411/<br />
(accessed December 2020)<br />

JRC assessment