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Clean Hydrogen Partnership

Explosion at off-gas recombiner of a nuclear power plant

Event

Event ID
711
Quality
Description
A hydrogen explosion caused burns contaminated with radioactive dust to a member of the plant's maintenance crew. Three other workers escaped injury.

The accident occurred in the basement of the plant’s turbine building during work on an out-of-service recombiner (an equipment for the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen produced by radiolysis). The post-incident investigation found that a leak in a valve on the system allowed the hydrogen gas to build up in the pipe where the employee was working with a grinding wheel.
Event Initiating system
Classification of the physical effects
Hydrogen Release and Ignition
Nature of the consequences
Macro-region
North America
Country
United States
Date
Main component involved?
Valve (Generic)
How was it involved?
Leak & Formation Of A Flammable H2-Air Mixture
Initiating cause
Unknown
Root causes
Root CAUSE analysis
The INITIATING cause was the leak in a valve of the recombiner, which allowed for hydrogen build-up in a pipe section where worked were grinding.

Nothing is reproted on the root cause, but a tentative ROOT CAUSE can be attibuted to lack of measures aiming at detecting presence of hydrogen before workers start grinding works.

Facility

Application
Power Plant
Sub-application
Nuclear power plant - BWR
Hydrogen supply chain stage
All components affected
off-gs system, recombiner
Location type
Confined
Location description
Industrial Area
Operational condition
Pre-event occurrences
Part of the plant was under maintenance

Emergency & Consequences

Number of injured persons
2
Number of fatalities
0
Post-event summary
Hydrogen explosion caused first- and second-degree burns contaminated with radioactive dust to a member of the plant's maintenance crew. A second member reported a light ears problem due to the sound of the explosion.

Event Nature

Release type
gas
Involved substances (% vol)
H2 100%
Presumed ignition source
Mechanical sparks
Deflagration
Y

References

Reference & weblink

New York Times news January 19, 1992<br />
https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/19/us/dust-contaminates-worker-in-explo… />
(accessed October 2020)

Incident Chronology at Susquehanna Steam Electric Station in Berwick: 1982- 2014, <br />
http://www.tmia.com/sites/tmia.com/files/media/susquehanna-chronology.p… ,<br />
(accessed October 2020)<br />

Rigas F., Amyotte P., Hydrogen safety, Green chemistry and chemical engineering, CRC Press, Taylor & Frances Group; 2012. ISBN-13: 978-1439862315

JRC assessment